The tax would be calculated either on the basis of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions or the volume of hydrocarbon fuel consumed by large industrial enterprises.
Under the proposal, the measure would initially apply only to the country's largest emitters before being gradually expanded to cover a broader range of businesses.
According to the institute, the tax would encourage businesses to improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while helping exporters lower the risk of facing carbon-related charges in overseas markets by establishing a domestic carbon pricing mechanism.
The proposal envisages conducting a nationwide emissions inventory in 2027, during which the tax base, rates, and scope of the new levy would be determined.
If adopted, the carbon tax would take effect in 2028, with tax rates increasing gradually in 2029–2030. The proposal also anticipates that the new tax would begin generating budget revenue from 2028.
